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1.
Rev. cuba. invest. bioméd ; 40(3)sept. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1408556

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La COVID-19 ha desatado una emergencia en salud pública de carácter internacional, pues ha infescado y provocado muertes a millones de personas, desatando así una crisis humanitaria nunca antes vista. Las muertes por COVID-19 también se han asociado a la presencia de algunas enfermedades crónicas. Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre la enfermedad renal crónica y el peor pronóstico de pacientes con COVID-19. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO Host, Clinical Key, Hinari y Cochrane. Se consultaron artículos publicados hasta el 30 de abril de 2020. Se incluyeron artículos observacionales con información relevante respecto al desenlace de pacientes con COVID-19 y enfermedad renal crónica. Resultados: Fueron incluidos 13 artículos que resumen la información de 8207 pacientes, de los que 405 (4,9 por ciento) tenían enfermedad renal crónica. Se asoció la comorbilidad con un peor pronóstico en pacientes con COVID-19, con OR = 1,99 [IC 95 por ciento: 1,13-3,52; Z = 2,37; p = 0,02] y heterogeneidad I2 = 47 por ciento, (2 = 22,47 (p = 0,03). Al eliminar los estudios con mayor contribución a la heterogeneidad, se analizó información de 5924 pacientes y hubo una mayor asociación entre la enfermedad renal crónica y el peor pronóstico, con OR = 3,02 [IC 95 por ciento: 1,79-5,10; Z = 4,15; p < 0,0001] y heterogeneidad I2 = 0 por ciento, (2 = 3,78 (p = 0,88). Lo que se interpreta como que los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica afectados con COVID-19 tienen una probabilidad tres veces mayor de presentar un peor pronóstico que la población general. Conclusiones: La enfermedad renal crónica empeora el pronóstico de los pacientes afectados con COVID-19(AU)


Introduction: COVID-19 has triggered a global public health emergency, for it has infected and caused the death of millions of people, thus unleashing an unprecedented humanitarian crisis. Deaths due to COVID-19 have also been associated to the presence of several chronic diseases. Objective: Evaluate the association between chronic kidney disease and the worst prognosis of COVID-19 patients. Methods: A search was conducted in the databases PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO Host, Clinical Key, Hinari and Cochrane for observational papers published before 30 April 2020 which contained relevant information about the outcome of patients with COVID-19 and chronic kidney disease. Results: A total 13 papers were included which summarize information about 8 207 patients, 405 (4.9 percent) of them with chronic kidney disease. Comorbidity was associated to a worse prognosis of COVID-19 patients, with OR = 1.99 [CI 95 percent: 1.13-3.52; Z = 2.37; p = 0.02] and heterogeneity I2 = 47 percent, (2 = 22.47 (p = 0.03). After deleting the studies with a greater contribution to heterogeneity, an analysis was conducted of the information about 5 924 patients, finding a greater association between chronic kidney disease and worst prognosis, with OR = 3.02 [CI 95 percent: 1.79-5.10; Z = 4.15; p < 0.0001] and heterogeneity I2 = 0 percent, (2 = 3.78 (p = 0.88). This implies that patients with chronic kidney disease affected by COVID-19 have three times as many chances of having a worse prognosis than the general population. Conclusions: Chronic kidney disease worsens the prognosis of COVID-19 patients(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Comorbidity/trends , Risk Factors , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications , COVID-19/diagnosis , Information Storage and Retrieval
2.
Rev. cuba. inform. méd ; 13(1): e401, ene.-jun. 2021.
Article in Spanish | CUMED, LILACS | ID: biblio-1251736

ABSTRACT

La COVID-19 ha desatado una emergencia internacional en Salud Pública al afectar millones de personas, provocar muertes, y causar una crisis humanitaria nunca antes vista. Esto ha saturado los sistemas de información en salud de los países afectados, donde resultan de utilidad las herramientas informáticas para el manejo de un gran número de casos, al menor costo económico posible. En este contexto resalta el paquete de programas epidemiológicos Epi InfoTM, que permite crear formularios electrónicos para la recolección de datos. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo describir las ventajas y facilidades de implementar Epi InfoTM para los casos de COVID-19. Con módulos para analizar la información mediante cálculos y representaciones de medidas epidemiológicas, además de crear mapas de casos sospechosos o confirmados, Epi InfoTM cuenta también con complementos para dispositivos móviles y la web; todos con experiencias probadas en situaciones de epidemias como la del Ébola, VIH y el MERS. Por lo que Epi InfoTM es una aplicación robusta y libre de costo muy útil para su implementación en los sistemas de información en salud para el manejo adecuado de casos de COVID-19(AU)


COVID-19 has unleashed an international Public Health emergency by affecting millions of people, causing deaths, and a humanitarian crisis never seen before. This has saturated the health information systems of the affected countries, where computer tools are useful for managing a large number of cases, at the lowest possible economic cost. In this context, the Epi InfoTM package of epidemiological programs which allows creating electronic forms for data collections, stands out in addition with modules to analyze the information through calculations and representations of epidemiological measures. It also allows creating maps of suspected or confirmed cases and has applications for mobile devices and web; all with proven experiences in epidemic situations such as Ebola, HIV, and the previous outbreaks of Coronavirus. Therefore, Epi InfoTM is a robust and free of cost application, very useful for its implementation in health information systems for the adequate management of COVID-19 cases(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Geographic Information Systems/standards , Epidemics/history , Epidemiological Monitoring , Health Information Systems/organization & administration , COVID-19/transmission
3.
Educ. med. super ; 34(2): e2125, abr.-jun. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1124686

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La medicina es uno de los campos de la educación más estresantes debido a las altas demandas académicas y profesionales. El estrés académico afecta variables tan diversas como el estado emocional, la salud física o las relaciones interpersonales, los cuales pueden vivenciarse de forma distinta por cada persona. Objetivo: Determinar los niveles de estrés académico y depresión mental en estudiantes de primer año de medicina. Métodos: Estudio de corte transversal, con universo conformado por los 732 estudiantes de primer año de medicina de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas "Mariana Grajales Cuello". La muestra estuvo conformada por 246 estudiantes, seleccionados a través de un muestreo probabilístico de tipo aleatorio simple, a los que se les aplicó una encuesta electrónica. Resultados: El 75,73 por ciento de los estudiantes estaba entre 18 y 19 años, y 153 del total eran del sexo femenino. El 63,11 por ciento presentó un nivel de estrés excesivo; el 56,8 por ciento, un estrés patológico; el 54,85 por ciento, un nivel de depresión medio; y el 57,69 por ciento de los que manifestaban un estrés excesivo, un nivel de depresión media. Las dificultades para enfrentar los problemas influyeron en la aparición de depresión. Conclusiones: Los niveles de estrés académico y depresión mental estuvieron muy relacionados en su aparición(AU)


Introduction: Medicine is one of the most stressful areas of education due to high academic and professional demands. Academic stress affects diverse variables such as emotional state, physical health, or interpersonal relationships, which can be experienced differently by each person. Objective: To evaluate the levels of academic stress and mental depression in the students of the first academic year of Medicine. Methods: Cross-sectional study, with a population made up of the 732 first-year medical students of Mariana Grajales Cuello School of Medical Sciences. The sample consisted of 246 students selected through simple random sampling and to whom an electronic survey was applied. Results: 75.73 percent of the students were aged 18 or 19 years, 153 were female, 63.11 percent presented an excessive level of stress, 56.8 percent presented pathological stress, 54.85 percent presented a medium level of depression, and 57.69 percent of those who presented excessive stress had a medium level of depression. Difficulty for coping with problems influenced the onset of depression. Conclusions: The levels of academic stress and mental depression were closely related based on their onset(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Schools , Students , Students, Medical , Cross-Sectional Studies , Depression , Medicine
4.
Rev. cuba. invest. bioméd ; 38(1): e122, Jan.-Mar. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1093377

ABSTRACT

Introduction: In recent years, the relationship between the systematic practice of physical exercise, cardiovascular dynamics and the functioning of the autonomic nervous system has been recognized. Objective: To determine the modifications that non-linear parameters undergo in the autonomic cardiovascular regulation of the heart rate variability with the systematic practice of physical exercise. Methods: A retrospective cohort analytical study was conducted from February 2016 to August 2018. Population and sample: 36 individuals (Group 1: 18 high- performance baseball athletes; Group 2: 18 medical students). The data were collected in the Biomedical Basic Sciences Laboratory at Medical school 1, University of Santiago de Cuba, through the 8-channel PowerLab polygraph, and stored using the Kubios Software version 3.0.4 Premium. Results: Statistically significant differences between means were found in heart rate values (p = 0.000); SD1 (p = 0.025); SD2/SD1 ratio (p = 0.007); sample entropy (p = 0.011); short-term fluctuations α 1 (p = 0.019); mean line length (p = 0.016); max line length (p = 0.001); recurrence rate (p = 0.034); determinism (p = 0.010) and Shannon entropy (p = 0.015). The parameters of SD1 (C = 0.906) and sample entropy (C = 0.712) were significantly associated with a heart rate ≤ 70 beats per minute. Conclusions: With the systematic practice of physical exercise, the non-linear parameters of the autonomic cardiovascular regulation of the heart rate variability undergoes modifications that respond to a better adaptability of the autonomic nervous system, and to a greater capacity to regulate cardiovascular function(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Exercise/physiology , Cardiorespiratory Fitness , Retrospective Studies , Cohort Studies
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